The imprecise Spanish-French colonial delimitation of Ifni (Morocco). Archaeological remains and survival of its border fortifications

Abstract

The Spanish colonial territory of Ifni was located in the southern part of the French Protectorate of Morocco, with no terrestrial connection to the rest of Spanish places located further south. The different interpretation the two countries had of the treaty of 1912 caused that its delimitation had a temporary nature from 1934 onwards, up to the Moroccan independence of 1956. In this work we compile an inventory of the remains of border fortifications that still remain, and which remind us of the recent colonial past in the south of Morocco.